Pain when your hip is flexed to 90 degrees & turned inwards.Some symptoms you may experience include: Pain may be intermittent or more constant, it can come & go from day to day, or only occur with certain activities. Most people experience pain in or around the hip or groin, but some report knee or back pain. Normally patients present with pain after prolonged activity, and it is eased with rest. Those with Hip Dysplasia can experience a wide range of symptoms starting at any age. The greater the degree of dysplasia and the prescence of subluxation the higher the risk of development of OA. If it is not aligned properly the tyre will wear down unevenly. People with hip dysplasia can start to develop OA in their hip joint earlier than others because of the uneven wear to the joint. If hip dysplasia is undiagnosed or untreated, the natural progression includes development of pain, functional limitations and then eventually degeneration of the joint, also known as Osteoarthritis (OA). There is increased shearing in the joint (there is a slightly greater amount of movement of the ball in the socket than in a normal hip joint). This lack of bony or ligamentous stability results in increased stress on the structures of the hip joint to try and contain the ball within the socket. With hip dysplasia the hip joint is less stable because of the mis-shaped bones and also because often the ligaments and capsule around the joint can be lax (loose). SummaryĪll the structures described contribute to making the hip stable. This laxity means that the femoral head moves more within the socket and can also contribute to the uneven stress on the hip joint. This means that joints have a greater range of movement than normal because the ligaments and joint capsule are lax (loose). Up to 50% of people with hip dysplasia can also have joint hypermobility. However, studies show that up to 50% of people can have labral tears without any symptoms. The labrum has many nerve endings within it which can contribute to increased pain when it initially tears. Eventually, it can become torn from taking the extra load. In a hip with dysplasia, there is increased movement of the ball in the socket due to lack of bone support, the labrum becomes thickened and inflamed to try and support the femoral head better. It helps provide further stability and a suction seal. The labrum is a horse-shoe shaped ring of cartilage which sits around the rim of the hip socket. The stronger the muscles are, the better the hip joint is supported. Muscles: Strong muscles surround the hip joint, and need to work in the correct muscle pattern to absorb and dissipate forces and reducealtered shearing patterns.The joint capsule: A strong and dense fibrous sac that surrounds the hip joint.Ligaments: Connect 2 bones together to provide further stability.Labrum: Ring of cartilage, which sits around the rim of the hip socket.Cartilage: Connective tissue covering the surface of the joint.The shape of the bones: The femoral head and the acetabulum.The stability of the hip joint relies upon the following structures: In very severe cases the ball can come out of the socket (dislocate). Ultimately there is a mismatch in the fit of the ball into the hip socket, meaning that the femoral head is not held tightly in place and therefore increased movement (shearing) occurs. It is a condition where the hip joint has not developed properly and this can affect the shape of the bones, the orientation of the ball or socket, or all the above. Developmental Dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is an umbrella term used to describe various bony abnormalities which result in poor containment of the ball of the hip (femoral head) within the hip socket (acetabulum).
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